Optical Emission Spectrometry for Optimization of Steelmaking Processes

Chapter 9 - Oxygen Steelmaking Processes

The oxygen steelmaking process rapidly refines a charge of molten pig iron and ambient scrap into steel of a desired carbon and temperature using high purity oxygen. Steel is made in discrete batches called heats. The furnace or converter is a barrel shaped, open topped, refractory lined vessel that can rotate on a horizontal trunnion axis. The basic operational steps of the process (BOF) are s...

Microwave assisted digestion coupled with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry for determining element concentrations in halophytes

Introduction: This study was carried out to determine elements (Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Ba, B, Al, Si, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Ag and P) in the Suaeda vermiculata (S. vermiculata) and Suaeda aegyptiaca (S. aegyptiaca) in three different regions of Southern Iran using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) after microwave-assisted acid digestion. Materials and ...

Inductively Coupled Plasma/Optical Emission Spectrometry

Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS INTRODUCTION CONTENTS 1.1 Forensic Science Investigations 1.2 Forensic Science Analysis 2 1.3 Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry 7 1.4 The Aims of This Investigation 8 2 INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA-OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROMETRY 10 2 .l Introduction 2.2 The Inductively Coupled Plasma 2.3 Instrumentation Used in This Study 2.3.1 Radio Frequency Generator 2.3....

Atmospheric Emission of Polybrominated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans from Converter Steelmaking Processes

Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were characterized and quantified in stack gas from secondary ventilation systems from five different steelmaking plants. The concentrations of 2,3,7,8-substituted PBDD/Fs (2,3,7,8-PBDD/Fs) and PBDEs were 0.036–0.19 ng/Nm (0.32–4.33 pg toxic equivalency (TEQ)/Nm) and 3.11–40.0 ng/Nm, respecti...